2006年04月09日
片仮名とヒラガナとかんじ
Sotto Voce: The Art of the Blog: delicious より。
「うまい」という言葉を漢字で書く時には「美味い」と「旨い」があるけど、食べ物によって使い分けたくなる。「美味い」を使うもの：ウズラのロースト、オッソブッコ、ステーキ、大トロ、アワビ、ロブスター、カニ、ポトフ、コックオーヴァン、讃岐うどん、フグ、パスタ全般、カレーライス、天ぷら、天丼、生ガキ
「旨い」を使うもの：スジ煮込み、牛タン、ブリ大根、鴨焼、寒ブリの腹身、魚のカマ、チゲ、鍋のあとの雑炊、ブイヤベース、スペアリブ、おでん、スズキの奉書焼き、アサリの味噌汁、クラムチャウダー、アンコウ
僕の感覚では味覚だけで楽しむ、比較的（あくまで比較的）浅めな、単純な「うまさ」が「美味い」、更に深く食感や香りなどで複雑に「うまい」場合に「旨い」という字を使いたくなる。そのあたり Naotake さんの食べ物リストとそれほど違っていないような気がするが、僕の場合は普段「美味い」と感じている好物でも、他とはレベルの違う完成度で出来てきたものを食べると「旨い」に昇格することもある。昔から美味い牡蠣フライは大好きだったが、神戸の洋食屋「もん」で食べた牡蠣フライは物凄く旨かった。びっくりした。そして、ひらがなの「うまい」はもっとチープな感じだろうか。初詣の屋台で食すアメリカンドッグはうまい。
以前、学生時代に日本語を副専攻にしていたというアメリカ人に聞かれたことがある。
「日本人の名前は大抵漢字だが、自分の名前をひらがなで書くのを良く見かける。カタカナで書くのも見る。どういう意味があるんだ？」
うーんと唸って、その場でどうにか考えついた答。
それ自体に「意味」は無い。あえて言うならば「ニュアンス」があるといった感じだろうか。一般的に、漢字には堅い、かしこまったニュアンスがある。ひらがなだと柔らかい、女性っぽいイメージがある。カタカナだと無機質な、または外国風、先進的な雰囲気だろうか。
普通の文章の中にも、漢字で書く人とひらがなで書く人の割合が半々ぐらいの単語が結構ある。硬い文章を書く時には意識的に漢字を多めに使って、柔らかい文章を書くときにはひらがなを多用することもある。名前に使う場合は、本来は漢字で書く名前をひらがなで書くことで、よりフレンドリーな柔らかい雰囲気を出しているのだと思う。仕事のメールでは殆どの人が漢字を使うけど、プライベートでは例えば若い女性は半数以上がひらがなを使うんじゃないかな。え、英語ではどんな感覚か？んー、なんと言うか、文字のフォントを変えるような感じかなあ。ただし、フォント変更よりはひらがなに変える方がニュアンスの変化分が大きい気がする。
とは言ったものの、特に最後の「英語ではフォントの変更と同じ」の部分にはイマイチ自信が持てない。大きく外してはいないと思うんだけど、もっとぴったりはまった例えは無いだろうか。
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>特に最後の「英語ではフォントの変更と同じ」の部分に
>はイマイチ自信が持てない。大きく外してはいないと
>思うんだけど、もっとぴったりはまった例えは無いだろうか。
これもうまく表せているかはわかりませんが、私としては使う単語や構文までも変えたぐらいの感覚です。
【口語的】He had a bold idea.
【文語的】He struck upon an audacious concept.
やっぱ違うかな…。
Naotakeさん（ですよね？）、
平仮名で名前を書くことが、英語で単語や構文まで変えるぐらいの意味の違いをもたらす、ということでしょうか？
ノンネイティブの人にはニュアンスの強弱、堅苦しい・カジュアルな表現の使い分けは厳しいですね…。なにか適当な例文を出して、ニュアンスの変化対応表バイリンガル版があると重宝しそうです。日本語でこう変えるのと英語でこう変えるのは可愛らしさ 5unit up で等価、とか。
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